The Problem Of Slavery During The 19th Century - 1349 Words

Just because we don’t hear about it or see it everyday doesn’t mean it doesn’t exist. Slavery is still around today.To be slaved you have to be owned by a person and that person can make you whatever they want and they will not get in trouble because they are in charge of you. You are the slave they are the owner, there is no if, and, or, but about it. Statistic show that. â€Å"An estimated 29.8 million people live in modern slavery today.† Slaves are focused to do many things that they never would want to do but they have no way to get out of it because they must do whatever they are told because they lifes depends on it. They either die, have a worse punishment or just do what they are told to do. â€Å"Elementary students across America are taught that slavery ended in the 19th Century. But, sadly, nearly 150 years later, the fight to end this global scourge is far from over.† On December sixteenth of 1865, the 13th amendment was signed to abolish slavery. It’s funny how we can say how slavery was abolished but yet we still have little kids that can’t even drive but yet we still have them being forced into prostitution, labor work, sexual slavery, commercial exploitation. Any number of slaves can be worked, starved, or even whipped to death. Slavery itself isn’t a very exciting topic to just normally talk about for most people so most people most likely just avoid the whole topic over all or they don’t believe that they couldn t even be put in that type of situation andShow MoreRelatedU.s. Constitution, Discrimination865 Words   |  4 Pagescitizens of the United States.This significant document helped spell out individual rights and freedoms.Although the signing of the U.S. Constitution solved many problems it failed to solve the problem of discrimination against African Americans,women and gays and along with that the ongoing issue of Slavery. Discrimination was still a problem after the signing of the constitution in 1787. Until then certain minority groups were extremely segregated in places like; restaurants, hotels,and movie theatersRead MoreSlavery During The 19th Century1636 Words   |  7 Pages# 2 In the early years of the 19th century, slavery was more than ever turning into a sectional concern, such that the nation had essentially become divided along regional lines. Based on economic or moral reasoning, people of the Northern states were increasingly in support of opposition to slavery, all the while Southerners became united to defend the institution of slavery. Brought on by profound changes including regional differences in the pattern of slavery in the upper and lower South, asRead MoreSlavery During The United States931 Words   |  4 Pages Slavery’s Development in the U.S. Between 18th Century and 19th Century AFAS-222 Research Paper First Draft Ge Wang 10/26/15 As I know, slavery in the U.S. was the legal establishment of human chattel slavery that existed in the 18th century and 19th century right after U.S. became independent and before the termination of the Civil War between the North and the South. Slavery was first adapted in British America from the early colonial days, by 1776--the Declaration of Independence it wasRead MoreSlavery And The Birth Of An African City : Lagos, 1760-1900972 Words   |  4 PagesKristin Mann’s novel titled â€Å"Slavery and the Birth of an African City: Lagos, 1760-1900† is an investigation into the history of a small but globally significant portion of the West African coast and its relationship with the economy and the culture of the Atlantic world. Mann alludes to a shift in consciousness by the dominant power of Britain to the ‘reconceptualization’ (Mann 2007, 1) of Europe’s relationship with Africa as well as the abolishment of the trading of slaves. Her central foc us isRead MoreDBQ Questions781 Words   |  4 Pages__________ Slavery Evaluate the effectiveness and intent of the U.S. Government in dealing with the slavery issue from 1787-1857. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ The Westward Movement Describe the westward movement during the first hall of the 19th century as a political issue as well as a social issue in regard to social class, gender issues, and slavery. __________Read MoreAmerican Tragedy And That Devil History1539 Words   |  7 PagesHenry Louis Gates thinks it s meaningless and that talking about race means recognizing how race is intertwined with U.S. History. In an interview for Salon Gates said that since slavery ended all political movements have been about race. American conservatives have been stuck on that since slavery ended a century and a half ago they need to get over it, move in, and embrace the benign American exceptionalism. Liberals have tried to justify the value of white guilt. That includes the naggingRead MoreEssay Analyzing PuddNhead Wilson881 Words   |  4 PagesSpinthourakis Due: 9/7/12 APUS/Mr. Donovan Pudd’nhead Wilson Essay In literature, slavery and the African American race are often analyzed and interpreted by numerous authors. Mark Twain reveals numerous hitches and aspects of society’s view towards different races throughout many of his novels. In Pudd’nhead Wilson Twain describes theRead MoreUncle Tom s Cabin, By Harriet Beecher Stowe1087 Words   |  5 Pageswe see how she describes the challenges they went through which she believes will help people see that slavery is wrong. There are some examples of the â€Å"evils† of slavery that show this. Harriet Beecher Stowe also shows how dishonorable slaveholders may become because of it. Thus this response to the â€Å"Fugitive Slave Act 1850† is important in many aspects. There were many horrible evils during that era for many slaves. Even if some were lucky enough to end up with nice slaveholding families othersRead MoreWomen s Proper Sphere, And The Godey s Lady Book Periodicals1659 Words   |  7 PagesWithin the 19th century American atmosphere, is a realm of cultural tropes that distinguishes themselves among the common literature that people read. Among these people, are different demographics as each publication caters to a specific audience on the basis of race, gender, and residing region. While the readers of these publications come from varying backgrounds and belief systems, there are unique similarities that provide insight as to how people were reading in the 19th century. These similaritiesRead MoreThe United States During The Civil War1045 Words   |  5 Pagesare the conflicting views of slavery between numerous states during the 19th century and the different viewpoints on how the United States would treat the South after the Civi l War ended. [look over old assignments and see how you expanded these] Both of these disagreements have shaped U.S. history and drastically changed the life of citizens. In the United States, one of the earliest forms of racism was the use of slavery. [how did slavery start]. By the 1800s, slavery had become a major part of the

Nursing Years Ago and Today Free Essays

string(39) " the emergence of relief associations\." The history of nursing, a segment of the white collar service sector, reflects the general trends in the transformation of work that gave rise to the new, dependent, salaried, white collar workforce, in conflict over the construct of professionalism. Although previously independent practitioners, by the end of World War II, a decisive majority of nurses were forced to find employment in the newly emerging bureaucratic hospitals as their opportunities for autonomous nurse-patient relationships diminished (Melosh 32). In the nation’s hospitals, nurses were subject to processes of bureaucratic control very much like those described by Edwards for both production and nonproduction workers (Edwards 17). We will write a custom essay sample on Nursing: Years Ago and Today or any similar topic only for you Order Now Invisible mechanisms of control, including the human capital notion of professionalism and the use of written rules to govern nurses’ tasks and supervision, were invoked to discipline this white collar workforce. Historically, nurses’ responses to these constraints have been filled with conflict. In the 18th century, nursing was merely another of women’s domestic chores. By the early 19th century, however, nursing had emerged as an occupation performed by respectable working-class women, primarily widows and spinsters. It was a specialty within domestic service, consisting primarily of cleaning a patient’s body, linen, and dressings. This kind of labor was considered by most 19th-century men and women as an extension of woman’s â€Å"natural† biological capacity for domesticity, docility, nurturance, and willingness to sacrifice (Berg 21). A fine line separated the 19th-century nurse from the domestic servant, as both were expected to perform household chores. By 1868, however, they were more clearly differentiated by salary; the nurse earned $1.00 to $2.00 a day whereas the servant earned only $2.22 per week (Reverby 9). Because of the close association with dirty domestic work, few middle-class women entered nursing. Until the Civil War, nursing remained an occupation performed by poor, older, single women with no formal education or training. These women were often drawn from rural areas into the cities in search of paid work, where their options were generally sewing, lodging borders, domestic service, or nursing. By 1870, there were over 10,000 women officially employed as nurses in the United States. Until the 20th century, hospital nursing was less prevalent than household nursing since most births, deaths, and illnesses occurred in the home. The majority of Americans did not see the inside of a hospital until the turn of the century. Hospitals were barely hospitals as we now know them. They were charitable institutions built by philanthropists at the end of the 18th century for the poor, the socially marginal, or the unemployed. Indeed, many hospitals evolved out of public almshouses. Patients in both public and voluntary hospitals were incarcerated for dependence as much as for disease in the 1870s (Vogel 105), and their hospital stay was often for weeks or months, not days. Impermeable walls and guarded gates surrounded the institutions, enabling hospitals to assert some control over the working class, immigrant, or destitute patient. Although benevolent, hospitals treated their patients disdainfully, with authoritarianism and paternalism. Their purpose was to provide the patient with moral uplift while instilling social control. Hospital administrators believed their patients were from â€Å"the very lowest; from abodes of drunkenness and vice in almost every form, where the most depressing and corrupting influences were acting on both body and mind† (Vogel 24). Children were decontaminated upon arrival and taught â€Å"discipline, purity and kindness.† The trustees hoped this regimen would reform the children, who would then bring â€Å"newly refined manners, quickened intellect and softened hearts† back to their homes. Some hospitals attempted to reform adults as well because they believed society benefited not just by saving these workers but also by â€Å"rekindling in them their faith in social order† (Vogel 26). Nurses in these hospitals were generally ambulatory patients themselves, caring for fellow â€Å"inmates.† If not actual patients, hospital nurses originated from the same poor and working-class sectors of society as the patients. They often held several jobs simultaneously and were frequently reprimanded for â€Å"sewing-out† (manufacturing garments on the ward) while on duty (Reverby 24). The status of the 19th-century hospital nurse was very low, comparable to the status of all female patients at this time. The female patient of 1870 was characterized in a letter to the Boston Evening Transcript as â€Å"a woman who has fallen into the sins of the wayside†¦ too weak to resist the temptations which have beset their unguarded footsteps† (Vogel 26). Similarly, the hospital nurse was characterized by Florence Nightingale, the 19th-century British reformer, as â€Å"too old, too weak, too drunk, too dirty, too stolid or too bad to do anything else† (Reverby 26). Hence, stringent rules governing general behaviors regarding sex, language, and use of alcohol and tobacco were enforced for both patients and nurses in the hospital. Although nurses lived in close proximity to the patients, they were forbidden to socialize with them. In order to prevent them from socializing or drinking with the patients, nurses were kept busy from 5:00 a.m. until 9:30 p.m. They were continually scrubbing patients, garments, and wards, since sanitation was the only method of disease prevention in the 19th-century hospital. When they had completed these tasks, they were given innumerable others to keep them in line. In addition to such domestic tasks, nurses were often responsible for providing more serious health care in the doctor’s frequent absence as well. They often managed labor and delivery cases independently. This forced nurses to exercise independent medical judgments, despite doctors’ prevailing expectation that nurses would be completely subservient to them. With the taste of autonomy, nurses began to expect greater latitude in their work. They began to see themselves as adult wage workers, not children to be controlled by the hospital â€Å"family,† as the hospital trustees portrayed the workplace. The face of nursing changed during the Civil War. Middle- and upper-class women, motivated by patriotism, familial duty, or simply a search for meaningful work, began to work in hospitals, nursing wounded men, and raising funds for the war (Mottus 65). The unsanitary and disorganized conditions in army hospitals led to the emergence of relief associations. You read "Nursing: Years Ago and Today" in category "Essay examples" In 1861 the Women’s Central Association of Relief was formed with the explicit purpose of â€Å"furnishing comforts and medical stores, and especially nurses in aid of the medical staff of the army†¦ and to take measures for securing a system of well trained nurses against any possible demand of war† (Mottus 24). Drawing on Nightingale’s British model of army nursing, the Registration Committee on Nurses sought prospective applicants with specific qualifications: they were to wear dresses without hoops, provide references confirming their high moral character, and be no older than 45 years of age. Nurses trained according to Nightingale’s nursing model, learning the laws of both morality and hygiene. The post-Civil War years, characterized by remarkable economic growth, the rise of industrial corporations, the decline of small entrepreneurs, and the emergence of urban America, engendered the expansion of relief organizations and the development of new charity organizations. Both were controlled in large part by middle- and upper-class female reformers. These women, many of whom had participated in organized nursing during the Civil War, focused on reforming the moral character of the poor, soiled by the ravages of urban society (Lubove 4-5). The expansion of the charity organization movement represented another response by a troubled middle class to the social dislocation of the post-Civil War industrial city: â€Å"Charity organization was a crusade to save the city from itself and from the evils of pauperism and class antagonism. It was an instrument of social control for the conservative middle class† (Lubove 5). In the post-Civil War hospital, middle-class women joined forces with hospital trustees and developed training schools for nurses. The reformers’ purpose was to â€Å"save† the country girl from the city, foster a profession of nursing, and reform the hospital. They attempted to carry out this goal by developing a cadre of trained, professional, middle-class nurses. The hospital trustees, however, sought nurses as a cheap labor force for the hospital. During the depression years of the 1890s, the hospital moved away from being a charity organization (Rosner 119). Philanthropists, affected by financial crises themselves, were no longer able to be the sole supporters of the institutions. Hospital trustees turned to the middle-class patient as a new source of income for hospitals. This change motivated trustees to alter the hospital’s architecture as well as its workforce. Its image became more hotel-like, with private rooms, private doctors, and private nurses. The reformers convinced the trustees that young, educated nurses of middle-class origins would be more appropriate caretakers for wealthier patients than untrained, working-class nurses. Hence, while the middle-class reformers were attempting to create a profession for respectable middle-class women, embodying Victorian America’s idealized vision of upper-class womanhood (empathy, gentility, and dedication to service), the trustees were still seeking an inexpensive yet disciplined workforce. The middle-class student nurse was their answer. One of the first training schools for nurses emerged in 1889 at the Johns Hopkins Hospital as a joint effort between the women reformers and the hospital trustees. They sought applications from Episcopalian and Presbyterian daughters of the clergy and the professions (James 214). The reformers hoped such a school would become the new social incubator for daughters of the new middle class. They sought only educated and refined students; women who had previously worked in the mills or domestic service were discouraged from applying. The reformers argued that only women with proper, virtuous backgrounds could enhance the moral atmosphere of the hospital. Student nurse training meant working 13-hour days at domestic duties under strict military discipline. Understaffing and medical emergency continually forced students into positions for which they were unprepared. These poor work conditions of overwork, lack of adequate training, bad food, and arbitrary discipline took their toll on the students, resulting in the 1910s in strikes against nursing supervisors (Reverby 37). During the 1930s and into the 1940s the private duty market collapsed altogether (Melosh 197). The new array of hospital techniques for both patients and nurses fostered a new role for some nurses, however: that of hospital foreman, supervising a new hierarchy of subsidiary nurses. The nursing professionalizers urged hospital administrators to hire educated graduate nurses of middle-class origins for these positions. Administrators were not hard to persuade on this point since they were able to hire nurses with more education and experience for the same wage as the student nurse, given depression-era unemployment. At first, grateful for work, graduate nurses accepted this condition. In time, however, graduate nurses responded to this situation with unrest, high rates of absenteeism, and turnover. Conflicts between adherents of the more elitist, human capital interpretation of professionalism and proponents of the need to work continue to resonate from staff and head nurses today. Many staff nurses claim that besides taking care of patients, they’re working to put shoes on their children’s feet and nursing administrators just don’t see that they work to support their life outside the hospital too. Such a comment was just as appropriate in the 1880s as it was in 1985. The same debates still rage on. Besides, there are two current health care issues facing the profession of nursing today: a misdistribution of nurses across the United States and burnout, both noted as causes for a nursing shortage.   There is a misdistribution of nurses across the United States and there are at least two apparent reasons for this: geographic immobility and a lack of incentives for rural and inner-city hospitals. Nursing is a very demanding and stressful profession. Burnout is described by Annette T. Vallano in Your Career in Nursing, as a form of mental, physical, emotional, spiritual, and interpersonal exhaustion that is not easily restored by sleep or rest.   Nurses experience burnout when they are overwhelmed and unable to cope with the day-to-day stress of their work over long periods of time.   Burnout may also be a reason that many nurses have decided to work only part-time, thus burnout may be a contributing factor to the nursing-shortage problem. All in all, nursing has evolved from the days of Florence Nightingale to a highly respected and educated profession.   But there are challenges for the future.   In short, â€Å"the nursing profession needs to begin to recognize new trends and patterns† (Lowenstein1), while also recognizing â€Å"it is crucial that nurses learn to generate new ideas for care, utilizing the new medical and communication technologies that are blossoming daily, but also keeping our high touch together with the high tech† (Lowenstein 1). Works cited Edwards, Richard. Contested Terrain: The Transformation of the Workplace in the Twentieth Century. New York: Basic Books. 1979. Berg, Barbara. The Remembered Gate: Origins of American Feminism: The Woman and the City, 1800-1860. New York: Oxford University Press. 1978. James, Janet. â€Å"Isabel Hampton and the Professionalization of Nursing in the 1890s†. In Charles Rosenberg and Morris Vogel (eds.), The Therapeutic Revolution. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press. 1979. Lowenstein, Arlene. â€Å"Vision for the future of nursing.† ICUS NURS WEB J, 16, Oct/ Dec 2003 http://www.nursing.gr/editorialLowenstein.pdf. Lubove, Roy. The Professional Altruist: The Emergence of Social Work as a Career, 1880-1930. Cambridge: Harvard University Press. 1965. Melosh Barbara. The Physician’s Hand: Work Culture and Conflict in American Nursing. Philadelphia: Temple University Press. 1982. Mottus, Jane E. New York Nightingales: The Emergence of the Nursing Profession at Bellevue and New York Hospital, 1850-1920. Ann Arbor: University Microfilms International. 1980. Reverby, Susan. Ordered to Care: The Dilemma of American Nursing, 1850-1945. New York: Cambridge University Press. 1987. Rosner, David. A Once Charitable Enterprise: Hospitals and Health Care in Brooklyn and New York, 1885-1915. New York: Cambridge University Press. 1986. Vallano, Annette. Your Career in Nursing. Kaplan; 3rd edition. January 3, 2006. Vogel, Morris. The Invention of the Modern Hospital, Boston, 1870-1930. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. 1980. ; How to cite Nursing: Years Ago and Today, Essay examples

Commercialization and Education free essay sample

Furthermore, Barber argues that school institutions need to take back the reign of education by providing students with a multicultural, civic, and literate education in order to shape informed citizens and not an apathetic community. Barber appeals to logos by briefly introducing the history that constituted the purpose of education. He refers to political reformists John Adams and Thomas Jefferson, both who advocated that education was the foundation to a well-informed citizenry and the key to a successful democratic government (Barber 1). Furthermore, he emphasizes the value that education gives to citizens. Barber proves his statement by emphasizing the benefits education gives to people. For instance, he mentions Brown vs. Board of Education to indicate the inequalities minority groups had to overcome in order to attain a voice in society (Barber 1). Evidently, the rights that were once denied have been progressively achieved with the help of educational access. Thus, acknowledging the valuable power and thrive education has on individuals. We will write a custom essay sample on Commercialization and Education or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page After emphasizing the historical importance that education has brought upon people, Barber continues to use logos to illustrate the corruption that has disintegrated the educational system. For example, Barber points out that after the Civil War, stealth actions of commercialization and privatization in public schools developed. Barber references large corporations such as Coca Cola to stress how financial power that has allowed them to â€Å"brand† students through exclusive contracts on campus in exchange for technology and equipment. Barber states, â€Å"While you are busy teaching them the importance of critical choices, they can only drink one cola beverage on this campus (Barber 5). This analogy questions the limited choices given to students, and encourages one to assess the harmful presence of venues in schools to conclude that commercialization does not assist in enhancing students’ education or competency. In addition, Barber allures readers with ethos by passionately articulating his argument. He affirms, â€Å"people who sell it would not sit for a minute if their own children, sitting in private schools somewhere, were exposed to that commercial advertising † (Barber 5). Yet, families with disadvantage backgrounds have to tolerate their children being brand. This parallelism reaches readers to elicit feelings of disappointment and anger towards the unreasonable educational system. Barber further expresses his undignified emotions by communicating to readers, â€Å"I dont think we should put up with it, and I dont think America should put up with it† (Barber 6). His concern for America’s welfare gives him credibility to assert that his intentions are genuine. All in all, Barber invokes a social responsibility and accountability to rescue education from further exploitation. He appeals to logos and ethos to effectively convince his audience that liberal arts is a key component in education to strengthen a student’s cultural understanding and global competence. For this to occur, Barber stresses students’ and school administrations’ necessity to reclaim the quality education they are entitled to in order to empower citizenry and democracy.

Report On Oluadah Equiano Essays - Racism, Olaudah Equiano

Report On Oluadah Equiano History The Interesting Narrative of Olaudah Equiano Slavery has been an issue in the world since ancient times, and in only the last one hundred and fifty years has it been dine away with in our country. The way slaves were regarded was different according to the various cultures around the earth due to regional traditions and the goods that were produced in that area. The enslavement of the African Americans did not begin with the South Atlantic System, it existed in Africa's own various native tribes for centuries. In The Interesting Narrative of Olaudah Equiano, Equiano recalls the slavery in his own tribe the Ibo. The slavery *censored* sucker system of his African tribe that he witnessed as a child differed from what he would experience as an adult. First, a man could not be kidnapped and made into a slave within the African community. In fact, a man could become a slave as a punishment for kidnapping or other crimes such as adultery. One could also become a slave if he/she was a captured enemy (Interesting Narrative 38). The Europeans, however, rounded up slaves with no thought of any African's personal lives and captured them for the sole purpose of enslaving them. When they did not ?round up? the Africans themselves they would trade goods for slaves which caused tribes to attack other tribes for horny slaves to increase their own wealth and status (America 68). These two factors left damage to the African tribes. Equiano recalls that the slaves taken by his Ibo people were almost treated as one of the family. The slaves do the same amount of work that any other member of the family would do (Interesting Narrative 41). When Equiano reached the West Indies he saw the Africans being literally worked to death, because they were so numerous and wouldn't lose money if they perished. Another principal difference in the treatment of slaves between Africa and Europe was lodging. In the Ibo tribe, the master of the slaves had them live inside his complex and dwelt in houses nearly the same manner as he did (Interesting Narrative 37,41). In contrast, Equiano witnessed the lodgings in the West Indies to be horrid. ?They are often open sheds, built in damp places? the poor structures of the hut left the slaves cold and damp, the perfect conditions for disease to flourish in (Interesting Narrative 94). In the Ibo tribe the slave food rations were the same as the rest of the household. They usually had perm ission to marry, and their children were born free (America 66). After Equiano was kidnapped he experiences African slavery, which is mixed with harsh and fair treatment. Equiano reaches the coast and sees streptococus Europeans for the first time, he says ?If ten thousand worlds had been my own I would have freely parted with them all to exchange my condition with that of the meanest slave in my country? (Interesting Narrative 54). He probably would have given this if he had known he was headed for the dilsilious middle passage. If the Africans survived the middle passage they were mostly taken to the West Indies and then to other destinations (America 67). The more slaves that inhabited an area, the more replaceable they became, and this and other factors contributed to the differences in slavery from place to place. Oluadah Equiano came in contact with slavery in many places all over the world including the West Indies, Virginia, Georgia, London and Philadelphia and in each place the form of slavery varied. According to Eqiuano, the harshest slave conditions were in the West Indies. Most West Indian planters treated the slaves like animals. They were very expendable because sugar prices were high, and slave prices were low (America 73). Most slaves were malnourished and lacked adequate housing. They were under strict regulations because the slave population was much greater than that of the Europeans of the islands. They controlled the Africans with fear. Africans had no rights as citizens as Equiano points out. He tells of an African man who owned a boat, which was taken from him with no compensation. He also tells of how Africans were dismembered and tortured for

The Best Formula For 10X Marketing Growth Is Here - CoSchedule

The Best Formula For 10X Marketing Growth Is Here The dream of content marketing is that it’s going to be a magical funnel that drips money into your bank account. Its lure is that it will create an inbound sales machine. But what should you do when it doesn’t work like that? Or even at all? That’s the question the 10x Marketing Formula  answers step-by-step. It’s a formula that will show you exactly what to do (and how to do it) to achieve tenfold marketing results. This means the return you can expect will be ten times over what you put in. It’s the exact formula we used to grow from zeroes across the board to: 1.3M+ monthly pageviews, 250k+ email subscribers, and thousands of customers in 100 countries in just 4 years. So don’t wait around reading a blog post†¦ Pick up a copy right now. The Best Formula For 10x Marketing Growth Is HereWhen you do, you’ll find out why Jay Baer calls it: â€Å"A powerful formula for marketing success; thoroughly modern and proven to succeed. This is a book for marketers that want to win.† You will learn to overcome  a lack of time, struggling to produce content, an inability to engage your audience, and so many more marketing roadblocks. If you think marketing success belongs only to elite geniuses or those with huge budgets, think again- 10x marketers achieve 10x growth regardless of their limitations. This book is about finding the strategic shortcuts to get you there fast. It’s about short-circuiting the path to jaw-dropping growth. You have to find your own way- and  10x Marketing Formula is that path. Michael Hyatt  says: â€Å"Garrett Moon is one of my favorites to follow because he combines the edge of a fearless startup CEO with the savvy of a marketer whos scaled a successful business. The 10x Marketing Formula  challenges you to rethink your goals and definitions of success and, more importantly, how you employ strategic shortcuts to achieve them.† So, if you’re ready to look like a marketing genius  and revolutionize your results  (and mindset), you’ve just found your path. Ready to be a marketing genius and revolutionize your results? Read The 10X Marketing Formula fromWhat’s In The 10x Marketing Formula? This book’s title tips off the premise: we’re after 10x marketing results. This means the return we expect, and are resolved to achieve, is ten times over what we put in. We aren’t looking for 10 percent year-over-year growth; we’re laser-focused on blowing the roof off last year’s, last month’s, and last week’s numbers. To do this requires a mindset shift. You can’t expect 10x results from copying everyone else. What worked for someone else isn’t a guarantee to work for you. This means drafting a binder full of charts and best guesses and calling it a marketing plan is doomed to fail. It’s too crowded and the world moves too fast for â€Å"copycat marketing.† One of the surest paths to growth is by creating the kind of content that stands out and gets results. While the book is a comprehensive guide to building an entire marketing program, I want to share a sample of what brilliant content marketing looks like using just a few of the frameworks from  10x Marketing Formula. Check them out in the infographic below. Now that you have the recipe for content marketing success, lets talk about what the rest of the formula looks like. 10x Marketing Formula  presents four phases to marketing mastery: planning, execution, publishing, and analysis. It isn’t simply a variant of a marketing to-do list, it’s a set of frameworks that will work in any context- regardless of your limitations Marcus Sheridan, Author of They Ask, You Answer, says: â€Å"Often, books like this are a disappointment. Theyre long on ideas, short on actionability. This is not one of those books. Garrett Moon delivers on the promise of providing a blueprint for the most differentiating and results-driven content marketing of your career. Here’s an overview of the formula. Phase One: Plan In the first phase, you’ll learn how to create content so good, so powerful, and so effective it’ll make your competition look like they didn’t even try. Even better, your content will produce revenue by perfectly marrying your business value and customer needs. This happens with a framework I call the content core. You will also find an exclusive interview with Noah Kagan, Chief Sumo of Sumo Group, where we go deep on marketing for growth. Phase one is about dialing in your content to drive tons of traffic and increase conversions. Noah says about the book: If you think you have to be in Silicon Valley to grow a startup, think again. Garrett has done an impressive job from NORTH DAKOTA in growing a successful company. Enjoy seeing the exact marketing methodology he used to do it! Phase Two: Execute Is your team really producing all its capable of? Or is there more output and productivity yet to be realized? If so, phase two will turn the ship around immediately. It’s all about how to get shit done- especially as a marketing team. You will learn to brainstorm the best project ideas of your career, rapidly execute them, and dramatically increase your team’s output. From developing a content scorecard to publish the best content you’re capable of to a dead-simple way to create efficient workflows†¦ Phase two skyrockets productivity. It also includes exclusive interviews with Pat Flynn, Jeff Goins, and Brian Dean on creating the best damn content on the Internet. And how to lift the best principles from agile software methodologies for marketing teams with Andrea Fryrear. Phase two will dramatically elevate your team’s output, help you generate (and magically prioritize) 10x ideas, and focus relentlessly on your most important growth metrics. Here’s what Jeff Goins, Best-Selling Author of The Art of Work  and Real Artists Don’t Starve, had to say: â€Å"The 10x Marketing Formula is fantastic. No fluff or theory. Real-life practical experience based on what really works. I’m a fan of , and I love what Garrett Moon has put together here. It’s a must-read for anyone who wants their content to spread.† And Brian Dean, founder of Backlinko, says: â€Å"Want a guide to creating effective content thats overflowing with actionable tips? Look no further than The 10x Marketing Formula. Unlike most books in this space, its written by a guy thats actually done it. Highly recommended. Phase Three: Publish Ann Handley, WSJ Bestselling Author of Everybody Writes  and Chief Content Officer of MarketingProfs, says the book is, A clear-eyed, real-world, no-bunk look at what it takes to make your content marketing program deliver in spades. And phase three is where your content marketing will flourish. It’s time to overhaul your social promotion strategy, build a massive email list, and operate as a lean, hyper-efficient marketing machine. You’ll also get fresh insights from Ash Maurya and John T. Meyer in more exclusive interviews. Ash, author and creator of Lean Canvas, kindly says of the book: â€Å"Garrett Moon combines the edge of a fearless startup CEO with the savvy of a marketer whos scaled a successful business. The 10x Marketing Formula delivers all that and more while showing you how to do the same. In phase three, you will learn to ship the most impactful projects and then promote them with frameworks for social media and email. Premier Facebook Marketing Expert Social Media Thought Leader Mari Smith  says, Most marketers today struggle to get measurable reach, engagement, traffic and sales from their marketing efforts. Savvy marketers know it takes a fresh new approach to get real results. Garrett Moon is one of those savvy marketers! In his new book, The 10x Marketing Formula, he shares the exact steps to creating memorable content marketing that actually grows your business. Read, apply and watch your results soar! Phase Four: Analyze Joanna Wiebe  is the OG conversion copywriter and the cofounder of Copy Hackers and Airstory. When it comes to why people click, try, and buy, she knows what’s up. That’s why I interviewed her about conversion psychology in phase four, where it’s all about analyzing and optimizing your results. Joanna says: â€Å"Growth no longer goes to the biggest. It goes to the scrappiest. It goes to the content hackers who find strategic shortcuts. Whos gonna own the future? The marketing teams who embrace this blueprint and learn to think like the agile, lean teams outlined in this book. You see, 10x marketing results is about way more than the right tools or tactics. It’s about driving growth with incredible focus (using the â€Å"One Metric That Matters† framework) and learning to write irresistible CTAs and CTVs (calls-to-value). Learn to convert traffic into prospects, leads, and customers in the formula’s final phase. In phase four, you will learn to convert traffic and cut through the clutter of irrelevant data so you can measure what matters most. Ian Cleary, Founder of RazorSocial and Co-Founder of OutreachPlus, says: â€Å"The difference between a content marketer and a really successful one is the 10x approach that Garrett has outlined in this book. If you want to make a giant leap forward in your content marketing this is a must read.† It’s Here, And So Are Your Results The 10x Marketing Formula  is officially available for you†¦ so I recommend you start immediately. Why am I so confident it will work for you? Well, like Pat Flynn, founder and CEO of Smart Passive Income, says: â€Å"The 10x Marketing Formula is the real deal. But what I love is that this isnt theory- its experience! Garrett Moon and the team hes built at have actually done what hes teaching, and now you can too.† The 10x Marketing Formula goes beyond copy/paste marketing tactics, and cuts to the heart of how great marketers move people from â€Å"visitor† to â€Å"customer† thousands of times over. If you want more: Traffic†¦ you will learn to 10x what you’re driving today†¦ Qualified leads†¦ you will learn how to nurture and convert users at each stage of your funnel†¦ Email subscribers†¦ you will learn how to build an monetize a massive list†¦ Social media traction†¦ you will learn to promote with savvy Smart-O-Mation, visual storytelling, and saving huge amounts of time while increasing results†¦ Marketing growth†¦ you will learn to focus on results over tactics and make your marketing work. In all, I want you to pick up the book because I believe deeply in every facet of this formula. It will change your marketing, your mindset, and even your leadership. As Robert Rose, Chief Strategy Officer at Content Marketing Institute and co-author of Killing Marketing, says: â€Å"It’s not hyperbole. This is a proven approach written by someone who’s actually done it. If you’re looking for a refreshing, and real, guide to making your marketing 10x better- this is it.† I get it. You’re in the trenches. You face the noisiest, most crowded marketing space in history. Joe Pulizzi, Founder of Content Marketing Institute, describes what today’s marketers are up against this way: â€Å"Today, most companies do some form of content marketing. Unfortunately, most are failing. It doesnt have to be that way. This book will not only get you facing the right direction, but will give you the insight to truly differentiate your company from the competition. There are no more excuses. Well, you heard it from the man himself: no more excuses. It’s time to 10x your results (and revenue). It’s time for you to become a 10x Marketer. I’m excited for you and what lies ahead.

Definition and Examples of Subjunctive Mood in English

Definition and Examples of Subjunctive Mood in English In English grammar, the subjunctive is the mood of a verb expressing wishes, stipulating demands, or making statements contrary to fact.  Etymologically, the word subjunctive is from the  Latin, subjoin, bind, subordinate.  Pronunciation:  sub-JUNG-tif  mood The present subjunctive is the bare form of a verb (that is, a verb with no ending). It does not show agreement with its subject. (Example: I strongly recommend that he retire.) Two patterns of the present subjunctive are generally recognized: Formulaic SubjunctiveMandative Subjunctive The only distinctive form of the past subjunctive is the word were. It is used with singular subjects in conditional sentences and with the subordinating conjunctions as if and as though. (Example: I love him as if he were my son.) Guidelines for Using the Subjunctive The subjunctive may be used in the following circumstances in formal writing. Contrary-to-fact clauses beginning with if:If I were two-faced, would I be wearing this one?(Abraham Lincoln)Contrary-to-fact clauses expressing a wish:At that moment, I had the most desperate wish that she were dead.(Harrison Ford as Rusty Sabich in Presumed Innocent, 1990)That clauses after verbs such as ask, demand, insist, propose, request, and suggest:I demand that he leave at once.Statements of necessity:Its necessary that she be in the room with you.Certain fixed expressions:as it were, be that as it may be, far be it from me, heaven forbid, if need be, so be it, suffice it to say Additional Examples and Observations I wouldnt bring up Paris if I were you. Its poor salesmanship.(Humphrey Bogart as Rick in Casablanca, 1942)Even the dog, an animal used to bizarre surroundings, developed a strange, off-register look, as if he were badly printed in overlapping colors.(S.J. Perelman, quoted by Roy Blount, Jr., in Alphabet Juice, 2008)Well sir, all I can say is if I were a bell, Id be ringing!(Frank Loesser, If I Were a Bell. Guys and Dolls, 1950)If music be the food of love, play on.(William Shakespeare, Twelfth Night)The public be damned.(William Henry Vanderbilt, Oct. 8, 1882)If I see one more shirttail flapping while Im captain of this ship, woe betide the sailor; woe betide the OOD; and woe betide the morale officer. I kid you not.(Humphrey Bogart as Lt. Commander Philip Francis Queeg in The Caine Mutiny, 1954)If there were a death penalty for corporations, Enron may have earned it.In the night he awoke and held her tight as though she were all of life and it was being taken away from him.(Robert Jordan in For Whom the Bell Tolls by Ernest Hemingway, 1940) The Were-Subjunctive (Irrealis Were) Teachers call this by a formidable word, subjunctive, meaning lacking in reality. What it refers to is actually the Fairy Tale Syndrome. If I were a rich man, could be such a mood. It refers to something that is not possible. If the possibility exists, the sentence would read: If I was a rich man. (Val Dumond, Grammar for Grownups. HarperCollins, 1993)Unlike the mandative subjunctive, the were-subjunctive in counterfactual if-clauses is a recessive feature of standard written English. It is not being replaced by a modal but, instead, by indicative was. Would be instead of were in counterfactual if-clauses is still largely confined to informal, spoken English. It is meeting with strong prescriptive reaction, especially in the US. One side-effect of this, so to speak, is hypercorrect use of were in non-counterfactuals. (Geoffrey Leech, Marianne Hundt, Christian Mair, and Nicholas Smith, Change in Contemporary English: A Grammatical Study. Cambridge University Press, 2012) Advice As with the misuse of whom instead of who, . . . using the subjunctive wrongly is worse than not using it all, and will make you look pompous and silly. (David Marsh and Amelia Hodsdon, Guardian Style, 3rd ed. Guardian Books, 2010)The subjunctive mood is in its death throes, and the best thing to do is put it out of its misery as soon as possible. (Somerset Maugham, A Writers Notebook, 1949) The Lighter Side of Subjunctives Detective Sergeant Lewis: All that stonework, must take months to do the pointing.Chief Inspector Morse: Youre not a bloody mason, are you?Detective Sergeant Lewis: No such luck. I might have been a Chief Inspector by now if I was.Chief Inspector Morse: Were, Lewis, if you were. Youll never get on if you cant master your subjunctives. Keep touching your forelock, we may be back in Oxford before lunch.Detective Sergeant Lewis: Shouldnt that be might?(Kevin Whately and John Thaw in Ghost in the Machine. Inspector Morse, 1987)Dancer: [reading a book titled English Grammar and Usage] Julie, you take this whole business about the subjunctive. I dont know.Julian: All right, Dancer, all right. Whats so difficult about the subjunctive?Dancer: Well, you take this, for instance: If I was you. You know? Thats all wrong. It says here, If I were you. How far can you go with this speech stuff?Julian: It sets you up, Dancer. It sets you up. Remember that. How many characters do you know hang around street corners can say, If I were you? How many, huh?Dancer: If I were you. If I were you.(Eli Wallach and Robert Keith in The Lineup, 1958)

Argument for or against the ramifications of buying products from your Research Paper

Argument for or against the ramifications of buying products from your own country - Research Paper Example In relation towards the activities of the consumers, the purchasing decision of a consumer seems to be influential towards the success of a company’s strategy especially in domestic and foreign markets. In addition, consumer liking regarding foreign and domestic products could be influenced by their utmost trust and faith regarding the products and conception of consumer ‘ethnocentrism’ among others (Torres & Gutierrez, â€Å"The purchase of Foreign Products: The Role of Firm’s country-of-origin reputation, consumer ethnocentrism, animosity and trust†). The idea of globalization represents significant challenges and opportunities especially for the marketers and the consumers. The various modernizations particularly in the trade policies have offered more foreign product options towards the consumers’. In this connection, one of the factors that may affect upon the decision of the consumer in order to buy domestic product that is own country’s product or foreign products is consumer ‘ethnocentrism’ (Ranjbarian & Et. Al., â€Å"Consumer Ethnocentrism and Buying Intentions: An Empirical Analysis of Iranian Consumers†). Consumer ‘ethnocentrism’ signifies the universal liking for the people in order to realize their own group as the centre of the world and is defined also as an attitude that one’s own group is superior compared to others (Riefler, â€Å"Advanced Topics in International Marketing†). From the perspective of ‘ethnocentric’ consumers, purchasing products from foreign countries is not useful for them because it weakens the domestic economy, causes lack of employment and considers being disloyal or non-nationalistic among others. In other words, consumer ‘ethnocentrism’ provides an individual a sense of uniqueness, emotion, a proper understanding and feelings of belongingness among others (Shimp & Sharma, â€Å"Consumer Ethnocentrism: Construction and Validation of the CETSCALE†). In the

Management team decision Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Management team decision - Coursework Example The plan of interest is the modification technique as it provides greater amounts of sustainable and near-term profitability. Currently, General Motors produces over 85 models and the appropriate move is to regulating production of various models. The company will be in a position of reducing the overlapping models and concentrate on the product mixes for purposes of allowing future redevelopment. General Motors should take away the GMC Passenger Van and Cargo Van as their Chevrolet brand offers similar vans with minor variations of the model. The organization should also include major changes in the current product mixes to achieve a turnaround for the current situation. The firm can achieve its profitability goals through a reduction plan of the overlapping vehicles in various brands since ascertained brands should not drive away customers. The strategies are intended to take the business away from competition. The entity can concentrate on defining several strategic decisions since it takes time to attach justifications behind the removal of each model (Peng 2008). As the company experiences reduced SUV sales, the corporation has to reduce the Envoy models to three as well as the Yukon models. Pontiac needs to remove the Montana Vans in the product line as the vans are outdated in terms of design as it not profitable. The company’s past strategy was to offer a broad assortment of cars under each brand. General Motors has changed the strategy through limiting the product portfolio and focusing on Cadillac and Chevrolet as marquis brands (Sekhar 2009). The organization has repositioned Hummer, Saab, and Saturn within niche brands. The approach combines Buick, GMC, and Pontiac into distribution channels that are complementary. Success of the firm appears to embed on taking strategic steps towards the profitability direction through making

Sociological Imagination Essay Example for Free

Sociological Imagination Essay The blackboard website will be unavailable between 7PM to midnight on June 29th for maintenance, so please make sure you upload it before 7 PM. Do not wait till last minute. Late assignments will result point deduction or even a zero essay grade. Format: Please submit an electronic word file named â€Å"your full name essay 1†, such as â€Å"JohnSmithessay1†, through blackboard on time. This essay should be 3-4 pages in total, double spaced, 11 point font. Do not directly copy and paste your assignment on blackboard! Choose to attach your assignment word file. Late assignments are not going to be accepted. The sociological imagination enables individuals to see the intimate relationship between the events of history as they occur in human societies and the events of an individuals or familys biography. wrote C. Wright Mills. In this assignment, you are to write up an Essay explaining the connections between your family biography and historical events over the past 50 years. Choose one family members of yours to focus on, such as your grandparents, you parents, your brothers and sisters, or you. Reflect on his or her life and think about how his/her life trajectory is intertwined with the historical changes in the country that you are from. The purpose of this assignment is to for you to apply the sociological imagination to analyze the profound influence that historical and societal contexts have on lives of individuals. Please make sure that you fulfill the following requirements: Clearly state what the personal events are. Explain how these personal events in your family are related to or affected by some of the historical events you listed. Explain in your own words what the sociological imagination is and whether/how it has helped you to better understand the life experiences of your family members. You can refer to the first assigned reading to answer these questions. Before you start your essay, you can do the following exercise on a piece of paper. Please do not include the time line drawing in your essay! It is just used for you to better conceptualize your essay. Draw a time line that begins in the 1960 and ends at the 2013. Above the line you are to identify in chronological order three significant events and/or transitions in the life of you or your family members (such events or transitions are like births, graduations, marriages, divorces, employment changes, income changes, geographic mobility, employment changes, or other changes you can think of). Next, think about the historical and social contexts underlying this particular individual’s life trajectory. What historical or societal events have affected his/her path or life? What historical or societal factors have influenced the important decisions he/she made in his/her life? Below the line identify in chronological order some of these important historical events. Write down the historical events and the time period it occurred or lasted. Such events in the United States include, are not limited to, World War II, the Cold War, the Korean War, the Civil Rights and Womens movements, the Vietnam War, the recession of the 1980s, and etc. Please do not be limited by the events I list here. You are free to choose some historical events that are less well known (such as the development of colon technology, tea party movement and etc.) but you think are influential in your life or the life of the family member that you chose. After you have decided which family member and life events to focus on, write an essay on the relationships between these personal events and some the important historical events in your country. Please note: I am not asking you to write what you or your family were thinking or doing on the day of 911 or the inauguration day of president Obama. You are supposed to write about how these historical events substantially shaped the life trajectory of the particular individual you chose. Your essay will be graded based on how well you answered each question and the overall quality of your assignment. I strongly recommend you read the grading rubric in the appendix carefully before you start. Please organize your thoughts and arguments, present them in a logical manner and explain them in detail. Please proof read papers for typographical and grammatical errors. Appendix 1: excerpts of other students assignments as example The following are some examples from other students assignments. Please learn from them how to apply the sociological perspective to your own life events but do not be constrained by them. (1) During World War II my family underwent some great changes. My grandmother took a second job, working in the woolen mills making army blankets. My grandfather joined the marines and moved his whole family from Ohio to California It was during this time that my grandparents divorced. Divorces are higher during any period of dramatic economic change. Although Im sure my grandparents blamed themselves, their divorce was a product of the economy and society. The same theory holds true for my parents. When they divorced, they blamed themselves, wondering what each had done wrong, as I did. When I look at what was happening in the economy, the similarities [with my grandparents] are easy to see. The nation- wide divorce rate was up dramatically and the economy was beginning to take a terrible turn for the worse. (2)When people ask me why I enrolled in college a year ago, I usually answered that I enrolled because I wanted to. I realize now that my answer cannot be quite that simple. Because my family doctor believed that the pill was finally proven safe in 1963, I was able to plan my family. In doing so, my son and daughter are nearly raised and I am still young enough to pursue a second career. More than any other factor, though, the womens movement probably was the greatest influence on my decision. The successes of the movement in social equality have given me the necessary courage and confidence to attempt to be more than a mere shadow of my husbands social position. Appendix 2: grading rubric Sociological Understanding (40%) The essay should apply key sociological concepts, ideas, theories learned in class correctly and properly to analyze related topics. Assertions in the essay must be supported by evidence (from texts or from data) that is logically related to the thesis. Coverage (30%) The essay must be clearly based on readings and topics related to the course. Essays that are simple summaries of sources are adequate, but will not get the highest grades. The essay should answer all the required questions in the essay guideline. If you fail to answer any questions, some points will be deducted. However, you should organize the essay in a way that it flows smoothly. Do not just list your answers to each question. Originality (10%) The essay should be original. Originality does not mean that you must be the first to think or write something, but that you take different sources and write about them using your point of view. Originality is entailed in taking your sources and forging them into an essay in your voice. Summarizing sources will be adequate, but not very original. Papers written by you and previously submitted to other courses are not original for this course. Such recycled papers will get a failing grade. Copying directly from internet without citing properly is considered plagiarism and will result in a failing grade. What is plagiarism? Writing Quality (10%) Words and constructions should be chosen with care. Statements should be direct and clear.w The essay should contain no errors of sentence structure, spelling, word choice, or punctuation. If you have difficulty writing or English is your second language you should tell me at the beginning of the semester. Im not a writing teacher, but I will do what I can to help you become a better writer. You should also seek help at the Writing Center. Every paper must have a title and the authors name, either at the top of the first page or on a separate title page. All citations and references must be in ASA, APA or MLA format. The general tone of the essay should be academic and professional. Good writing often sounds like well-organized thoughtful conversation. I do not want you to imitate the turgid academic writing found in some sociology journals. I want you to write with a level of sophistication appropriate for well-educated college students.

An Analysis of Gabriel Garcia Marquez’s, A Very Old Man with Enormous W

A Very Old Man with Enormous Wings Analysis In Gabriel Garcia Marquez’s â€Å"A Very Old Man with Enormous Wings,† he was able to exaggerate an element of our lives in order to prove that everything we have known and come to believe is actually not what it seems. Marquez has twisted something so solid in our beliefs such as an angel, in order to help us understand that nothing can be assumed from popular belief and appearances. Upon immediate viewing of the angel, the perception of reality has changed in its entirety. All past knowledge has become irrelevant now that it has been proven false. In an instant, an entire belief system has crumbled. Pelayo and Elisenda refuse to think of this man as an angel even though he clearly was. â€Å"That was how they skipped over the inconvenience of the wings and quite intelligently concluded that he was a lonely castaway from some foreign ship wrecked by the storm.† Angels in our minds have been known as beautiful creatures that are pure and clean. They are the epitome of man’s view of perfection. Marquez has created an angel that is rank, disturbing...

My work2 Essay

INTERACTION WITH ENVIRONMENT The earliest civilizations formed on fertile river plains. These lands faced challenges, such as seasonal flooding and a limited growing area. Geography What rivers helped sustain the four river valley civilizations? POWER AND AUTHORITY Projects such as irrigation systems required leadership and laws—the beginnings of organized government. In some societies, priests controlled the first governments. In others, military leaders and kings ruled. Geography Look at the time line and the map. In which empire and river valley area was the first code of laws developed? SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Early civilizations developed bronze tools, the wheel, the sail, the plow, writing, and mathematics. These innovations spread through trade, wars, and the movement of peoples. Geography Which river valley civilization was the most isolated? What factors contributed to that isolation? INTERNET RESOURCES †¢ Interactive Maps †¢ Interactive Visuals †¢ Interactive Primary Sources 26 Go to classzone.com for: †¢ Research Links †¢ Maps †¢ Internet Activities †¢ Test Practice †¢ Primary Sources †¢ Current Events †¢ Chapter Quiz 27 Why do communities need laws? The harvest has failed and, like many others, you have little to eat. There are animals in the temple, but they are protected by law. Your cousin decides to steal one of the pigs to feed his family. You believe that laws should not be broken and try to persuade him not to steal the pig. But he steals the pig and is caught. The law of the Babylonian Empire—Hammurabi’s Code—holds people responsible for their actions. Someone who steals from the temple must repay 30 times the cost of the stolen item. Because your cousin is unable to pay this fine, he is sentenced to death. You begin to wonder whether there are times when laws should be broken. 1 The Babylonian ruler Hammurabi, accompanied by his judges, sentences Mummar to death. 2 A scribe records the proceedings against Mummar. 3 Mummar pleads for mercy. EXAM I N I NG the  ISSU ES †¢ What should be the main purpose of laws: to promote good behavior or to punish bad behavior? †¢ Do all communities need a system of laws to guide them? Hold a class debate on these questions. As you prepare for the debate, think about what you have leaned about the changes that take place as civilizations grow and become more complex. As you read about the growth of civilization in this chapter, consider why societies developed systems of laws. 28 Chapter 2 1 City-States in Mesopotamia MAIN IDEA INTERACTION WITH ENVIRONMENT The earliest civilization in Asia arose in Mesopotamia and organized into city-states. WHY IT MATTERS NOW The development of this civilization reflects a settlement pattern that has occurred repeatedly throughout history. TERMS & NAMES †¢ Fertile Crescent †¢ Mesopotamia †¢ city-state †¢ dynasty †¢ cultural diffusion †¢ polytheism †¢ empire †¢ Hammurabi SETTING THE STAGE Two rivers flow from the mountains of what is now Turkey, down through Syria and Iraq, and finally to the Persian Gulf. Over six thousand years ago, the waters of these rivers provided the lifeblood that allowed the formation of farming settlements. These grew into villages and then cities. Geography of the Fertile Crescent TAKING NOTES A desert climate dominates the landscape between the Persian Gulf and the Mediterranean Sea in Southwest Asia. Yet within this dry region lies an arc of land that provided some of the best farming in Southwest Asia. The region’s curved shape and the richness of its land led scholars to call it the Fertile Crescent. It includes the lands facing the Mediterranean Sea and a plain that became known as Mesopotamia (MEHS†¢uh†¢puh†¢TAY†¢mee†¢uh). The word in Greek means â€Å"land between the rivers.† The rivers framing Mesopotamia are the Tigris (TY†¢grihs) and Euphrates (yoo†¢FRAY†¢teez). They flow southeastward to the Persian Gulf. (See the map on page 30.) The Tigris and Euphrates rivers flooded Mesopotamia at least once a year. As the floodwater receded, it left a thick bed of mud called silt. Farmers planted grain in this rich, new soil and irrigated the fields with river water. The results were large quantities of wheat and barley at harvest time. The surpluses from their harvests allowed villages to grow. Identifying Problems and Solutions Use a chart to identify Sumer’s environmental problems and their solutions. Problems Solutions Environmental Challenges People first began to settle and farm the flat, swampy lands in southern Mesopotamia before 4500 B.C. Around 3300 B.C., the people called the Sumerians, whom you read about in Chapter 1, arrived on the scene. Good soil was the advantage that attracted these settlers. However, there were three disadvantages to their new environment. †¢ Unpredictable flooding combined with a period of little or no rain. The land sometimes became almost a desert. †¢ With no natural barriers for protection, a Sumerian village was nearly defenseless. †¢ The natural resources of Sumer were limited. Building materials and other necessary items were scarce. Early River Valley Civilizations 29

Hitler’s Life and what he did Essay

Adolf Hitler was a German politician who was born in Austria. He fought for the German army during the First World War, becoming one of the most decorated veterans. After the war, he joined a political movement that was later to become the infamous Nazi Party (Kershaw 5). That was in the year 1919; and by the year 1921, he had become the leader of the National Socialist German Workers Party, abbreviated as NASDAP or simply the DAP from its German name (Giblin 52). Adolf Hitler was later to become a very instrumental figure during the build-up to the Second World War, and during the war itself. He is remembered in bad faith as one of the main architects of the holocaust. In this paper, I aim to discuss his life in detail and how his rise to power influenced world affairs. Early Life Adolf Hitler was born in a town known as Braunau-am-inn in Austria near the German border to Alois, a customs officer and Klara on the 20th of April, 1889 (Kershaw 5). At the age of six, he was already attending school around the town of Linz, which is located to the east of his birthplace. Hitler’s performance in school was however pathetic, and this forced him to abandon school without completing his courses with the ambition of becoming an artist (Kershaw 6). Between the ages 16 and 18, Hitler did not have any employment. He solely depended on his mother for his upkeep since his father Alois had died when Adolf was merely thirteen; but at eighteen years, he had acquired a keen interest in politics and managed to successfully apply for admission at the Vienna Academy of Fine Arts (Kershaw 7). Adolf Hitler the Orphan When Adolf Hitler was 19 years old, his mother died of cancer (Kershaw 9). He had no relatives either able or willing to support him; and his predicament prompted him to move to Vienna hoping that he would somehow manage to make ends meet. That was in the year 1909; and in Vienna, things did not go so well for the young vagrant. Within a year, he was sleeping in shelters for the homeless (Kershaw 9). He had vehemently refused to accept any form of regular employment but readily took up any menial jobs that would come his way and also sold some of his paintings so that he could provide himself with subsistence. Adolf Hitler in the First World War By the year 1913, Adolf Hitler was still homeless and broke. In the hope of bettering his life, he moved to Munich, Southern Germany (Welch 5). This relocation coincided with the outbreak of the First World War that broke out in 1914. Adolf Hitler volunteered to serve in the German military and was accepted into the 16th Bavarian Reserve Infantry Regimen (Welch 31). His tenure into service of the state had officially begun, and no one could imagine that he would once rise to lead his nation into war against the world. During the course of the war, Adolf Hitler fought so bravely that he became widely recognized. He was duly promoted into Corporal, getting decorated with the military honors of the Iron Cross Second Class and the Iron Cross First Class (Giblin 54). He wore the latter up o until the day he died; but the irony was that the officer who recommended him for the second award was a Jewish regimental, a race he was going to persecute severely after his rise to power. In 1981, he was temporarily blinded by a gas attack orchestrated by the British. He however made a quick recovery and returned to his regiment, based in Munich, in December 1918. Adolf Hitler Ventures into Politics (Welch 24) Adolf had his first stint in politics between December 1918 and March 1919 while he was working at a camp for prisoners of war before returning back to his regiment in Munich (Housden 66). After his return, he witnessed an incident in which local communists attempted to take over political authority before the army effectively quashed their attempt. During the proceedings of an investigation, which was established to inquire into the incident, Adolf Hitler was called in as a witness. Afterwards, he was appointed into a local organization within the army whose function was to persuade soldiers who were returning from the war not to convert into either communism or pacifism (Housden 67). While serving in the organization, Hitler greatly developed his oratory skills. His job description also involved him conducting espionage activities on some political groups, which were mushrooming in the background of the Munich political scene (Welch 41). One day, he attended a meeting organized by the German Workers’ Party and when one of the members stood to deliver a keynote address, Adolf Hitler was so infuriated that he burst out, delivering a charged harangue to the speaker. The founder of the German Workers’ Party, Mr. Anion Drexler, was so impressed with Hitler’s outburst that he spontaneously asked him to join their party. Hitler, though hesitant at first, agreed to join the organization and became its seventh official in the September of 1919 (Welch 41). Hitler became a vocal official of the German Workers’ party and addressed a crowd of over two thousand people in Hofbrauhaus, Munich in February 1920 where he managed to get the attention of the people (Welch 41) . Leader of the Nazi Party Involvement with the DAP meant that Adolf was discharged from the army. He then engaged into an extensive campaign increasing his influence inside the party, raising funds for its mechanisms and winning in supporters and sympathizers (Hauner 32). He increased the strength of the Nazi party and even attempted to overthrow the government. In the melee, he and other leaders of the National Socialist German Workers Party, which was now the name of the Germany Workers’ Party, were arrested and detained. Upon his release after six months in Jail, the mechanism of the Nazi party had been crippled. Hitler himself found out that he had been banned from delivering any public speeches. However, the great depression in the mid-1920s brought a new opportunity for Hitler and his party to convince the people of Germany. He participated in the 1932 election but lost, even though the winner of the election did not last long owing to external pressure (Housden 71). Adolf Hitler’s party formed a coalition after securing a parliamentary majority and used their bargaining power to prevent the formation of any other government until Adolf Hitler was named chancellor in 1933 (Kershaw 17). Having secured the highest political seat in the nation, Adolf proceeded to consolidate his grip by convincing the German people that he was their savior from the economic woes external aggression and other undesirable minorities. He and the Nazi party eliminated opposition to their rule. Hitler and the Build-up to the Second World War  The Nazi regime immediately embraced aggression as a foreign policy to stamp its authority in the world. It formed alliances that were later to group nations during the war. Adolf denounced the treaty of Versailles and made an alliance with Austria. In international peace forums, Hitler would preach peace and claim that the destruction of the First World War made Germany need a lot of time before she could be in a position to re-arm for war; but back home, he placed priority in military armament (Victor 59). He could not even allow funds to be diverted to creating employment if his military budget was not satisfied. It is this arms race that was later to lead to the greatest war mankind had ever known, the Second World War. Hitler and the Holocaust Hitler embraced a philosophy known as racial hygiene that was based on the concept of racial purity under which all â€Å"life unworthy of life† was to be exterminated from the face of the earth (Victor 63). Through a program named Action T4, he ordered for the killing of all children with developmental and physical disabilities. These were his first victims. Because of public outcry, Hitler created an impression that the killings had been stopped, but in a period spanning six years from 1939, between 11 and 14 million people were killed (Hauner 71). Among these were six million Jews. Many victims died from diseases and starvation while enslaved in national and private German ventures while others were either gassed or burned. Among the Jews, other population groups targeted in the holocaust were political opponents, gays and lesbians, the physically disabled and mentally retarded, trade unionists and psychiatric patients.

African Americans in Science and Their Accomplishments

African Americans in Science and Their Accomplishments African Americans have made significant contributions in various fields of science. Contributions in the field of chemistry include the development of synthetic drugs for the treatment of chronic ailments. In the field of physics, African Americans have helped to invent laser devices for the treatment of cancer patients. In the field of medicine, African Americans have developed treatments for various diseases including leprosy, cancer, and syphilis. African Americans in Science From inventors and surgeons to chemists and zoologists, African Americans have made invaluable contributions to science and humanity. Many of these individuals were able to have great success in the face of bigotry and racism. Some of these notable scientists include: Otis BoykinDOB: (1920 - 1982)Major Accomplishments: Otis Boykin invented 28 electronic devices including the control unit for the heart pacemaker. He patented a wire precision resistor that was cost effective to manufacture and improved function in electronic devices such as transistor radios, missile systems, televisions, and IBM computers. Other inventions of Boykin include a burglar-proof cash register, an electrical resistance capacitor, and a chemical air filter. Dr. Ben CarsonDOB: (1950 - )Major Accomplishments: This Johns Hopkins pediatric neurosurgeon and professor led a medical team that became the first to separate Siamese twins successfully. Dr. Ben Carson was also the first to perform an interuterine procedure for the treatment of a hydrocephalic twin. He also performed a hemispherectomy (removal of half of the brain) in an infant to stop severe epileptic seizures. Emmett W. ChappelleDOB: (1925 - )Major Accomplishments: This biochemist worked for NASA and discovered a method for detecting bacteria in water, food, and body fluids through studies of bioluminescence. Emmett Chappelles studies in luminescence have also produced methods for using satellites for monitoring crops. Dr. Charles DrewDOB: (1904 -1950)Major Accomplishments: Best known for his work with blood plasma, Charles Drew helped set up the American Red Cross blood bank. He also established the first blood bank in England and developed standards for collecting blood and processing blood plasma. Additionally, Dr. Drew developed the first mobile blood donation centers. Dr. Lloyd HallDOB: (1894 - 1971)Major Accomplishments: His work in food sterilization and preservation improved processes in food packing and preparation. Dr. Lloyd Halls sterilization techniques have been adapted for use in the sterilization of medical equipment, spices, and pharmaceuticals. Dr. Percy JulianDOB: (1899 - 1975)Major Accomplishments: This research chemist is known for developing synthetic steroids for use in the treatment of arthritis and other inflammatory diseases. Dr. Percy Julian also developed a process for creating a soy protein foam that was used to extinguish fires on aircraft carriers. Dr. Charles Henry TurnerDOB: (1867-1923)Major Accomplishments: This zoologist and behavioral scientist is known for his work with insects. Turners studies with honey bees demonstrated that they can distinguish colors. Dr. Charles Henry Turner was also the first to demonstrate that insects can hear sounds. Dr. Daniel Hale WilliamsDOB: (1856-1931)Major Accomplishments: Dr. Daniel Williams founded the Provident Hospital in Chicago. In 1893, he performed the first successful open heart surgery. He is also the first African American surgeon to perform surgery on the pericardium of the heart to repair a wound. Other African American Scientists and Inventors The following table includes more information on African American scientists and inventors. African American Scientists and Inventors Scientist Invention Bessie Blount Developed a device to help disabled persons eat Phil Brooks Developed the disposable syringe Michael Croslin Developed the computerized blood pressure machine Dewey Sanderson Invented the urinalysis machine

College Skills for Homeschoolers

College Skills for Homeschoolers If your homeschooled student is planning to attend college, make sure he or she is not only prepared academically  but is also well-equipped with these seven skills. 1. Meeting deadlines One advantage homeschooled teens often have over their traditionally-schooled peers is that they have learned to effectively manage their time. By high school, most homeschooled teens are working independently, scheduling their day, and completing tasks with limited supervision. However, because homeschooling allows the flexibility to be self-paced, homeschooled teens may not have a great deal of experience meeting firm  deadlines. Encourage your student to use a planner or calendar to track deadlines. Teach him to break down long-term assignments, such as research papers, creating deadlines for each step. Assign short-term deadlines for other assignments, as well, such as â€Å"read three chapters by Friday.† Then, hold your student accountable for meeting these deadlines by imposing consequences, such as making up incomplete work on the weekend,  for missed deadlines. It can be difficult to follow through on such consequences when considering the flexibility that homeschooling offers, but a college professor isn’t going to be lenient with your teen when his poor planning causes him to miss assignment deadlines. 2. Taking notes Because most homeschooling parents don’t teach in a lecture style, many homeschooled kids haven’t had much  experience taking notes. Note-taking is a learned skill, so teach your students the basics and provide opportunities for them to practice. Tips for taking notes include: Listen for repeated words and phrases. If an instructor repeats something, it’s usually important.Listen for key words and phrases such as: first, second, because, for example, or in conclusion.Listen for names and dates.If the instructor writes something down, your student should write it down, too. Similarly, if a word, phrase, or definition is displayed on the board or screen, write it down.Teach your student to abbreviate, use symbols, and develop his own shorthand. He should use these tools to note key concepts and ideas rather than trying to write complete sentences.Instruct your student to go over notes at the conclusion of the lecture, adding in any important details that he remembers, making sure that what he wrote down makes sense to him, and clarifying anything that doesn’t. How to practice taking notes: If your student  attends a co-op, have him take notes during any lecture-style classes he takes.Ask your student to take notes while watching videos or online lessons.If you attend church, encourage your children to take notes during the sermon.Encourage your student to take notes as you read aloud. 3. Self-advocacy Because their primary teacher has always been a parent who knows and understands their needs, many homeschooled teens may find themselves lacking in self-advocacy skills. Self-advocacy means understanding your needs as relates to what is expected of you and learning how to express those needs to others. For example, if your homeschooled teen has dyslexia, he may need additional time to complete tests or in-class writing, a quiet room for testing, or leniency on grammar and spelling requirements for timed writing assignments. He needs to develop the skill to express those needs to professors in a clear, respectful manner. One way to help your teen develop self-advocacy skills is to expect him to practice them before graduation. If he takes classes outside of the home, such as a co-op or dual-enrollment setting, he needs to be the one to explain his needs to his teachers, not you. 4. Effective written communication skills Students should perfect a variety of written communication skills such as essays (both timed and untimed), email correspondence, and research papers. To prepare your students for college-level writing, consistently focus on the basics throughout high school until they become second nature. Make sure they’re using correct spelling, grammar, and punctuation. Don’t allow your students to use â€Å"text speak† in their written work or email communications. Because your students may need to communicate via email with professors, make sure they are familiar with proper email etiquette and know the correct form of address for their instructor (i.e. Dr., Mrs., Mr.). Assign a variety of writing assignments throughout high school such as: Compare and contrast essaysExpository writingDescriptive essaysNarrative essaysLetters – business and informalResearch papersCreative writing Consistently building basic written communication skills is vital to your students success in this area. 5. Personal responsibility for coursework Make sure  that your  teen is prepared for taking responsibility for his own schoolwork in college.  In addition to meeting deadlines, he’ll need to be able to  read and follow a course  syllabus, keep track of papers, and get himself out of bed and to class on time. The easiest way to prepare your student for this aspect of college life is to begin handing over the reins in middle school or early high school. Give your student an assignment sheet and hold him responsible for completing his assignments on time and adding key dates to his planner. Help him work out a system for keeping track of papers. (Three-ring binders, hanging file folders in a portable file box, and magazine holders are some good options.) Give him an alarm clock and expect him to get himself up and started by a mutually agreeable time each day. 6. Life management Your teen also needs to be prepared to handle personal tasks on his own such as  laundry, meal planning, grocery shopping, and  making appointments. As with teaching personal responsibility, life management skills are best taught by handing them over to your student during his high school years. Let your student do his own laundry and plan and prepare at least one meal each week, making a grocery list and shopping for needed items. (Sometimes it’s easier for one person to do the shopping, so it may not be practical for your teen to do the shopping, but he can add the needed ingredients to your grocery list.) Let  your older teens  make their  own doctor and dental appointments. Of course, you can still go with  them to the appointment, but some teens and young adults find it very intimidating to make that phone call. Let them get in the habit while you can still be nearby in case they have any questions or run into any problems. 7.Public speaking skills Public speaking consistently tops people’s list of fears. While some people never get over the fear of speaking to a group, most find that it becomes easier by practicing and mastering some basic public speaking skills, such as body language, eye contact, and avoiding words such as â€Å"uh,† â€Å"um,† â€Å"like,† and â€Å"you know.† If your student is part of a homeschool co-op, that can be an excellent source for public speaking practice. If not, check to see if you have a local Toastmaster’s Club in which your teen could get involved. You might also inquire to see if a member of the Toastmaster’s Club would teach a speech class for teens. Many students who are able to participate in such a class may be surprised to find it much more fun and less nerve-wracking than they had imagined. Make sure your homeschooled student is prepared for the rigors of college life by adding these vital skills to the academics youre already working on.

Global Leadership Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 3

Global Leadership - Essay Example Coffee exporting possibilities range from exporting raw beans, roasted product, packaged products as well as fast moving consumer products (Such as coffee ready to drink). Although there is already a significant coffee production infrastructure it is my opinion that the market is worth entering. The Coffee association of Canada (2003) indicated that coffee is among the most popular beverage choices in Canada with over 81% of Canadian adults drinking coffee on an occasional basis and over 63% of Canadians drinking coffee daily. Building on this previous point, Agri-Food Canada (2010) indicated that coffee makes up approximately 16% of all non-alcoholic beverage sales in the Canadian market. Source: Agriculture and Agri Food Canada. It was further indicated that average coffee consumption is approximately 2.6 cups a day which exceeds the relative frequency of the United States. Moreover Canadians consume coffee through a number of different channels, home made, at work, through special ty shops discount coffee retailers. By the shear presence of major specialty coffee shops such as Starbucks, Second Cup etc. and major discount retailers such as Tim Hortons or the coffee shop it is apparent that Canadian consumers are familiar with coffee and as such will not need to be educated as consumers on how to consumer coffee.